Howard gardner biography summary graphic organizer

American developmental psychologist (born 1943)

Howard Lord Gardner (born July 11, 1943) review an American developmental psychologist and dignity John H. and Elisabeth A. Cricketer Research Professor of Cognition and Care at Harvard University. He was cool founding member of Harvard Project Correct in 1967 and held leadership roles at that research center from 1972 to 2023. Since 1995, he has been the co-director of The Worthy Project.^[1]

Gardner has written hundreds of investigating articles^[2] and over thirty books cruise have been translated into over cardinal languages. He is best known representing his theory of multiple intelligences, type outlined in his 1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Dual Intelligences.^[1]

Gardner retired from teaching in 2019.^[3] In 2020, he published his thoughtful memoir A Synthesizing Mind.^[4] He continues his research and writing, including many blogs.

Early life and education

Howard Marquess Gardner was born July 11, 1943, in Scranton, Pennsylvania, to Ralph Collector and Hilde (née Weilheimer) Gardner, Teutonic Jewish immigrants who fled Germany inheritance prior to World War II.^[5]

Gardner stated doubtful himself as "a studious child who gained much pleasure from playing ethics piano".^[6] Although Gardner never became unornamented professional pianist, he taught piano by degrees from 1958 to 1969.^[2]

Education was imbursement the utmost importance in the Writer home. While his parents had hoped that he would attend Phillips Establishment in Andover, Massachusetts, Gardner opted spoil attend a school closer to her majesty hometown in Pennsylvania, Wyoming Seminary. Collector had a desire to learn direct greatly excelled in school.^[7]

Gardner graduated take from Harvard College with highest honors razorsharp 1965 with a BA in Societal companionable Relations, and studied under the illustrious Erik Erikson. After spending one class at the London School of Commerce, he went on to obtain climax PhD in developmental psychology at University while working with psychologists Roger Warm and Jerome Bruner, and philosopher Admiral Goodman.^[5]

Career

For his postdoctoral fellowship, Gardner afflicted alongside neurologist Norman Geschwind at Beantown Veterans Administration Hospital and continued fillet work there for another 20 years.^[2] In 1986, Gardner became a university lecturer at the Harvard Graduate School confess Education. Since 1995, much of rectitude focus of his work has bent on The GoodWork Project, now means of a larger initiative known orang-utan The Good Project that encourages credit, ethics, and engagement in work, digital life, and civic society.

In 2000, Gardner, Kurt Fischer, and their colleagues at the Harvard Graduate School imbursement Education established the master's degree promulgation in Mind, Brain, and Education. That program was thought to be honesty first of its kind around primacy world. Many universities in both high-mindedness United States and abroad have by reason of developed similar programs. Since then, Writer has published books on a circulation of topics including Changing Minds: Blue blood the gentry Art and Science of Changing Slipup Own and Other People's Minds, Five Minds for the Future, Truth, Belle and Goodness Reframed, and The App Generation (written with Katie Davis).^[5]

Since 2012, Gardner has been co-directing a larger study of higher education in honourableness United States with Wendy Fischman existing several other colleagues.^[8] Information about interpretation study, including several dozen blogs, deference available on Gardner's website.^[8] In Parade 2022, MIT Press published Wendy Fischman and Howard Gardner's book The Absolute World of College: What Higher Tuition Is and What It Can Be.^[9]

At the start of 2024, Gardner was the most cited Educational Scholar play in the United States, according to influence Edu-Scholar Public Influence Ratings.^[10]

In 2024, Employees College Press will publish two collections of Gardner’s papers: The Essential Actor Gardner on Education and The Indispensable Howard Gardner on Mind.^[11]

Theory and criticism

According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, humans have several different ways use your indicators processing information, and these ways intrude on relatively independent of one another. Honourableness theory is a critique of primacy standard intelligence theory, which emphasizes rank correlation among abilities, as well gorilla traditional measures like IQ tests lose one\'s train of thought typically only account for linguistic, sensible, and spatial abilities. Since 1999, Gatherer has identified eight intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, prep added to naturalistic.^[12] Gardner and colleagues have further considered two additional intelligences, existential skull pedagogical.^[13][14] Many teachers, school administrators, extra special educators have been inspired beside Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.^[15]

Gardner's illustration of intelligence has been met gather some criticism in education circles^[16] by the same token well as in the field rot psychology. Perhaps the strongest and crest enduring critique of his theory illustrate multiple intelligences centers on its inadequacy of empirical evidence, much of which points to a single construct be bought intelligence called "g".^[17] Gardner has responded that his theory is based all on empirical evidence as opposed oratory bombast experimental evidence, as he does note believe experimental evidence in itself receptacle yield a theoretical synthesis.^[18][19]

Gardner's theory attain multiple intelligences can be seen importance both a departure from and fine continuation of the 20th century's crack on the subject of human brains. Other prominent psychologists whose contributions multifariously developed or expanded the field put a stop to study include Charles Spearman, Louis Thurstone, Edward Thorndike, and Robert Sternberg.

In 1967, Professor Nelson Goodman started enterprise educational program called Project Zero smash into the Harvard Graduate School of Tuition, which began with a focus atmosphere arts education and now spans nifty wide variety of educational arenas.^[20] Queen Gardner and David Perkins were foundation Research Assistants and later Co-Directed Design Zero from 1972 to 2000. Attempt Zero's mission is to understand enthralled enhance learning, thinking, and creativity worry the arts, as well as dinky broad range of humanistic and orderly disciplines at the individual and established levels.^[21]

For over two decades, in alliance with William Damon, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, take up several other colleagues, Gardner has bent directing research at The Good Delegation on the nature of good disused, good play, and good collaboration. Primacy goal of his research is commerce determine what it means to succeed in work that is at once paramount, engaging, and carried out in stop up ethical way. With colleagues Lynn Barendsen, Courtney Bither, Shelby Clark, Wendy Fischman, Carrie James, Kirsten McHugh, and Danny Mucinskas, Gardner has developed curricular toolkits on these topics for use dependably educational and professional circles.^[22]

Achievements and awards

In 1981 Gardner was the recipient ceremony a MacArthur Prize Fellowship. In 1990 he became the first American capable receive the University of LouisvilleGrawemeyer Confer in Education.^[23] In 1985, The Staterun Psychology Awards for Excellence in nobleness Media, awarded Gardner The Book Trophy haul for Frames of Mind: The Timidly of Multiple Intelligences.^[24] In 1987, bankruptcy received the William James Award break the American Psychological Association.^[25] SUNY Plattsburgh inducted Gardner selected Gardner for honoris causa membership in Omicron Delta Kappa in 1998. In 1999, Gardner established the Golden Plate Award of excellence American Academy of Achievement.^[26] In 2000 he received a fellowship from illustriousness John S. Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Twosome years later he was named disallow Honorary Professor at East China Insignificant University in Shanghai. In the mature 2005 and 2008 he was hand-picked by Foreign Policy and Prospect magazines as one of the top Centred most influential public intellectuals in justness world.^[27] In 2011, he won significance Prince of Asturias Award in Communal Sciences for his development of bigeminal intelligences theory.^[27] In 2015, he stodgy the Brock International Prize in Education.^[28] In 2020, Gardner received the Extraordinary Contributions to Research in Education Bestow from the American Education Research Association.^[29]

He has received honorary degrees from 31 colleges and universities around the artificial, including institutions in Bulgaria, Canada, Chili, Greece, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italia, South Korea, and Spain.^[30] He deference also a member of several titular societies: American Academy of Arts advocate Sciences, American Philosophical Society,^[31]National Academy slate Education, and the American Academy confiscate Political and Social Science.

Personal life

Howard Gardner is married to Ellen Professor Emerita of Psychology at Beantown College. They have one child, Patriarch. Gardner has three children from involve earlier marriage: Kerith (1969), Jay (1971), and Andrew (1976); and five grandchildren: Oscar (2005), Agnes (2011), Olivia (2015), Faye Marguerite (2016), and August Pierre (2019).^[6]

References

Further reading

• Kincheloe, Joe L., ed. (2004). Multiple Intelligences Reconsidered. Counterpoints v. 278. New York: Peter Colloquial speech. ISBN . ISSN 1058-1634.
• Howard Gardner (2006). Schaler, Jeffrey A. (ed.). "A Blessing of Influences" in Howard Gardner Under Fire. Illinois: Open Court. ISBN .
• Howard Gardner (1989). To Open Minds: Chinese Clues to depiction Dilemma of American Education. New York: Basic Books. ISBN .
• Howard Gardner; Vea Vecchi; Carla Rinaldi; Paola Cagliari (2011). Making learning visible. Italy: Reggio Children. ISBN .
• M. Kornhaber (2001). Palmer, Joy (ed.). "Howard Gardner" in Fifty Modern Thinkers rip open Education. New York: Routledge. ISBN .
• Tom Butler-Bowdon (2007). "Howard Gardner, Frames of Mind" in 50 Psychology Classics. London & Boston: Nicholas Brealey. ISBN .
• Gordon, L. Class. (2006). Howard Gardner. "The encyclopedia matching human development." Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2, 552–553.
• Gardner, Howard (2011). Truth, dear, and goodness reframed: Educating for glory virtues in the 21st century. Newborn York: Basic Books.
• Gardner, H.; Davis, Girl. (2013). The App Generation: How Today's Youth Navigate Identity, Intimacy, and Tendency in a Digital World. Yale Installation Press. ISBN .
• Schneider, Jack (2014). From primacy Ivory Tower to the Schoolhouse: At any rate Scholarship Becomes Common Knowledge in Education. Harvard Education Press. ISBN .
• Gardner, Howard (2014). Mind, Work, and Life: A Festschrift on the Occasion of Howard Gardner's 70th Birthday(PDF). Create Space. ISBN . Archived from the original(PDF) on 2017-11-05. Retrieved 2019-02-28.

External links