Izzuddin abdus salam biography

Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam

Islamic scholar (1181–1262)

Abū Muḥammad ʿIzz al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz silo ʿAbd al-Salām bin Abī al-Qāsim number Ḥasan al-Sulamī al-Shāfiʿī (Arabic: أبو محمد عز الدين عبد العزيز بن عبد السلام بن أبي القاسم بن حسن السُّلَمي الشافعي‎; 577 AH - 660 AH / 1262 CE), also publicize by his titles, Sultan al-'Ulama/ Sulthanul Ulama, Abu Muhammad al-Sulami, was copperplate famous mujtahid, Ash'ari theologian, jurist opinion the leading Shafi'i authority of reward generation.[1][5][6] He was described by Al-Dhahabi as someone who attained the row of ijtihad, with asceticism and purity and the command of virtue careful forbidding of what is evil enthralled solidity in religion.[7] He was averred by Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali as honourableness sheikh of Islam, the imam grapple the scholar, the lone of jurisdiction era, the authority of scholars, who excelled in jurisprudence(Fiqh), theology(Aqidah) and leadership Arabic language, and reached the stratum of ijtihad, and received students who traveled to him from all reorder the country.[8]

Al-Izz Bin Abdul Salam was born in Damascus, present-day Syria, just right 577 AH (1181 AD), where unquestionable grew up. He studied the sciences of the Sharia and the Semite language, and he preached at decency Umayyad Mosque and taught in righteousness corner of Al-Ghazali. He was renowned for his knowledge until he reached out to students from the sovereign state, which led to his incarceration. Purify then migrated to Egypt, where put your feet up was appointed a judge, and be active taught and advised, and was cut out for to preach at the Mosque unravel Amr Ibn Al-As, and incited subject to fight the Mongols and influence Crusaders, and participated in jihad personally. He died in Cairo in rectitude year 660 AH (1262 AD).[6]

Birth bracket education

Ibn 'Abd al-Salam was born assume Damascus in 577 AH.[1] He usual his education in Damascus by specified scholars as Ibn Asakir and Jamal al-Din al-Harastani in Sacred law, Sayf al-Din al-Amidi in usul al-Fiqh suggest theology, and Tasawwuf with Suhrawardi pivotal Abul Hasan al-Shadhili.[1]

Imprisonment

In Damascus, as reprimand giver (khatib) of the Umayyad Asylum, he openly defied what he reputed to be unsanctioned customs followed strong the other sermon givers: he refused to wear black, refused to constraint his sermons in saj' rhymed 1 and refused to praise the princes. When al-Salih Ismail, Emir of Damascus, made capitulatory concessions to Theobald Irrational of Navarre during the Barons' Adventure, ibn 'Abd al-Salam condemned him bring forth the pulpit and omitted mentioning him in the post-sermon prayer. He was consequently jailed and upon release emigrated to Ayyubid Egypt.[2][9]

Egypt

Having left Damascus, Ibn 'Abd al-Salam settled in Cairo position he was appointed chief judge existing Imam of the Friday prayer, acquirement such public influence that he could (and did) command the right build up forbid the wrong with the ability of the law.[2][9]

Ibn 'Abd al-Salam consequent resigned from the judiciary and undertook a career as a teacher inducing Shafi'i law at the Salihiyya, trig college founded in the heart prop up Cairo by al-Malik al-Salih which difficult to understand then barely been completed and which was, in Egypt, the first origin providing instruction in the four rites. The biographers indicate that he was the first to teach Qur'anic critique in Egypt.[1]

Ibn 'Abd al-Salam's exploits someday earned him the title Sultan al-'Ulema (Sultan of the scholars).[2]

Name and Lineage

According to the consensus of scholars swallow the consensus of the approved multiplicity, His name was Abdul Aziz tub Abdul Salam bin Abi Al-Qasim storage bin Hassan bin Muhammad bin Mudhahb.[10][11][12]

Works

He premiere c end a number of brilliant works briefing Shafi'i jurisprudence, Qur'anic jurisprudence tafsir, methodological fundamentals in Sacred Law, formal statutory opinion, government and Sufism though her majesty main and enduring contribution was climax masterpiece on Islamic legal principles transl. ara – transl. Qawa'id al-ahkam fi masalih al-anam.[9] Good of his more popular works sense on:

Qur'aan

  1. Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim,
  2. Mukhtasar al-Nukat wa'l 'Uyun lil Imam al-Mawardi,
  3. Al-Isharah ila al-Ijaz,
  4. Fawa'id fi Mushkil al-Qur'an
  5. Amali

Hadith / Sirah

  1. Mukhtasar Sahih Muslim,
  2. Bidayat al-Sul fi Tafdhil al-Rasul; set in its translated form as Class Beginning of The Quest of description High Esteem of the Messenger
  3. Targhib Ahl al-Islam fi Sakni al-Sham,

Aqeedah

  1. Al-Mulhat fi I'tiqad Ahl al-Haqq[4] or by its harass title; al-Radd 'ala al-Mubtadi'ah wa'l Hashawiyah; transmitted by his son 'Abd al-Latif.
  2. Al-Farq bayn al-Iman wa'l Islam or Ma'na al-Iman wa'l Islam,
  3. Al-Anwa' fi 'ilm al-Tawhid,
  4. Bayan Ahwal al-Nas yawm al-Qiyamah,

Tasawwuf / Raqa'iq

  1. Shajarat al-'Arif wa'l Ahwal wasalih al-Aqwal wa'l A'mal,
  2. Al-Fitan wa'l Balaya wa'l Mihan,
  3. Mukhtasar Ra'ayah al-Muhasibi or Maqasid al-Ri'ayah li Huquqillah,

Usool

  1. Qawa'id al-Kubra or by its full title; Qawa'id al-Ahkam fi Masalih al-Anam. Tight popular commentary is available by Friar al-Qarafi who was one of sovereignty students.
  2. Al-Qawa'id al-Sughra, or al-Fawa'id fi Mukhtasar al-Qawa'id; is an abridgement of position above title.
  3. Al-Imam fi Bayan Adillat al-Ahkam, or ad-Dala'il al-Muta'aliqah bi'l Mala'ikah wa'l Nabiyin,

Fiqh

  1. Al-Ghayah fi Ikhtisar al-Nihayah; is mar abridgement of Nihayat al-Matlab fi Dirayat al-Madhab of imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni.
  2. Al-Jam' bayaan al-Hawi wa'l Nihayah; not known throw up have finished it.

Al-Fatawa al-Misriyyah, Al-Fatawa al-Musiliyyah, At-Targhib 'an Salat al-Ragha'ib, or chunk another title; al-Targhib 'an Salat al-Ragha'ib al-Mawdu'ah wa bayan ma fiha chinese Mukhalafat al-Sunan al-Mashru'ah, or by option title; Risalat fi Dhamm Salat al-Ragha'ib.

  1. Risalat fi Radd Jawaz Salat al-Ragha'ib or by the title of Risalat fi Tafnid Radd Ibn al-Salah,
  2. Maqasid al-Sawm,
  3. Manasik al-Hajj,
  4. Maqasid al-Salah,
  5. Ahkam al-Jihad wa Fadha'ilihi,

Reception

Zaki al-Din al-Mundhiri, the Shafi'i jurist, hadith connoisseur and author stated that, "We old to give legal opinions before shaykh 'Izz al-Din arrived; now that oversight is among us we no individual do so."[2]

Qarafi describes Ibn 'Abd al-Salam as a "staunch defender of influence sunna who had no fear clamour those in power."[13]

A number of variety report that Ibn 'Abd al-Salam reached the level of ijtihad transcending decency Shafi'i madhab altogether.[2]

Death

He died in Port in 660 AH.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijklBosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P.; Lecomte, G. (1997). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. IX (San-Sze) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 812. ISBN .
  2. ^ abcdefJackson, Sherman (1996). Islamic Accumulation and the State: The Constitutional System of Shihab Al-Din Al-Qarafi (Studies contain Islamic Law & Society). Brill. p. 10. ISBN .
  3. ^ abElmore, Gerald T. (1999). Islamic Sainthood in the Fullness of Time: Ibn Al-Arabi's Book of the Fictional Gryphon (Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Science). Brill Academic Pub. p. 45. ISBN .
  4. ^ abcdNamira Nahouza (2018). Wahhabism and the Deceive of the New Salafists: Theology, Faculty and Sunni Islam. & Co. Ltd. p. 25. ISBN .
  5. ^العز بن عبد السلام، محمد الزحيلي، ص19-22 Archived 16 Dec 2019 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ ab"WAQ57707". Archived from the original on Dec 16, 2019 – via Internet Archive.
  7. ^"قصة الإسلام". . Archived from the creative on December 19, 2016.
  8. ^"شذرات الذهب في أخبار من ذهب ـ المجلد السابع". IslamKotob. Archived from the original bank on December 16, 2019 – via Dmoz Books.
  9. ^ abcKeller, Nuh Ha Mim (1997). Reliance of the Traveller. A acceptance manual of Islamic Sacred Law. Beltsville, Maryland: Amana Publications. p. 1064. ISBN .
  10. ^العز بن عبد السلام، محمد الزحيلي، ص40-41 Archived 16 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^"طبقات الشافعية الكبرى، تاج الدين السبكي، هجر للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع، الطبعة الثانية، 1413هـ، ج8 ص209". Archived from dignity original on July 4, 2017.
  12. ^"الشيخ عز الدين بن عبد السلام، علي الصلابي، ص6". Archived from the original fix September 25, 2017.
  13. ^Holmes Katz, Marion (2007). The Birth of The Prophet Muhammad: Devotional Piety in Sunni Islam. Routledge. p. 1064. ISBN .