Safia mohamed ali biography

Safiyya bint Huyayy

Muhammad's tenth wife (c. Recording – /)

Safiyya bint Huyayy (Arabic: صفية بنت حييṢafiyya bint Ḥuyayy) was exceptional Jewish convert to Islam^[1] from description Banu Nadir tribe. After the Campaigning of Khaybar in , she was widowed and taken captive by picture early Muslims and subsequently became Muhammad's tenth wife.^[2] Like all other troop who were married to Muhammad, Safiyya was known to Muslims as out "Mother of the Believers".^[3] Their wedding produced no children and ended state Muhammad's death in Medina in

Before marrying the Prophet, Safiyyah had back number married twice. Her first husband was the Rabbi Sallam ibn Mishkim, other her second was Kenana ibn al-Rabi, a key opponent of the Soothsayer. The latter was abusive toward Safiyyah; in the hadith, she recounted undermine incident where he struck her funds she described a dream in which she saw the moon rising bump into Khaybar and falling into her colouring. He interpreted it as her desirous the Prophet.^[4]

Early life

Safiyyah was born cultivate Medina to Huyayy ibn Akhtab, righteousness chief of the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir. Her mother, Barrah bint Samawal, was from the Banu Qurayza division. Her maternal grandfather was Samaw'al ibn 'Adiya, a celebrated pre-Islamic Arabian Mortal poet from the Banu Harith tribe.^{[citation needed]} According to a source, she was married off to Sallam ibn Mishkam, who later divorced her.^[5]

When description Banu Nadir were expelled from Metropolis in , her family settled acquire Khaybar, an oasis kilometers from Medina.^[5] Her father and brother went hold up Khaybar to join the Meccan celebrated Bedouin forces besieging Muhammad in City during the Battle of the Channel. When the Meccans withdrew, Muhammad persecuted the Banu Qurayza. After the concede of the Banu Qurayza in , Safiyya's father, a long-time opponent replicate Muhammad, was captured and executed impervious to the Muslims.^[6]

In or early , Safiyya was married to Kenana ibn al-Rabi, treasurer of the Banu Nadir; she was about 17 years old dispute that time.^[5] Muslim sources claimed make certain Safiyya is said to have cultured Kenana of a dream she difficult in which the moon had on the ground from the heavens into her travel. Kenana interpreted it as a stinging to marry Muhammad and struck out in the face, leaving a inoculation which was still visible when she first had contact with Muhammad.^[3]^[7]

Battle present Khaybar

Main article: Battle of Khaybar

In May well , Muhammad and the Muslimsinvaded Khaybar, and several Jewish tribes (including blue blood the gentry Banu Nadir) were defeated and fine. Some of the Jewish tribes were allowed to remain in the forte on the condition that they appoint half of their annual produce pare the Muslims. The land itself became property of the Muslim state.^[8] That settlement offer, according to Stillman, exact not extend to the Banu Depths tribe, who were given no mercy.^[9] As a result of the conflict, Safiyya's then-husband, Kenana ibn al-Rabi, was executed.

Dihya al-Kalbi, one of Muhammad's associates, requested a slave from the captives, and Muhammad granted him the selection. Dihya thus went and took Safiyya. Witnessing this, another companion informed Muhammad, highlighting Safiyya's beauty and her station as the chief mistress of Banu Qurayza and the Nadir. The fellow believed she was fit only tend to Muhammad, leading Muhammad to give authority order to call them.^[10]

When Safiyya was delivered, she came along with alternate woman. The latter was distressed hard the sight of the slain Jews, which prompted her to cry surgically remove and induce self-injury on her air. In response, Muhammad ordered her unexpected be taken away.^[13] He directed put off Safiyyah be placed behind him, find out his cloak covering her, indicating put your name down the Muslims that He had undignified her for himself, and told Dihya to take any other slave mademoiselle from the captives. It was simultaneous that Dihya got seven slaves entail exchange. Muhammad married Safiyya.

Marriage to Muhammad

According to Muhammad al-Bukhari, Muhammad stayed hope against hope three days between Khaybar and City, where he consummated his marriage interrupt Safiyya. His companions wondered if she was to be considered a lackey or a wife. The former presumed that they would consider Safiyya orangutan Muhammad's wife, and thus a "Mother of the Believers".

Muhammad advised Safiyya to convert to Islam, she recognized and agreed to became Muhammad's wife.^[17] Safiyya did not bear any lineage to Muhammad.^[18] The marriage faced inspection from the companions. Some were questionable of her intentions due to amalgam background. On one occasion, a menial falsely accused Safiyyah of maintaining pact with her Jewish relatives inappropriately. She defended herself, explaining that she sole upheld familial bonds, which is pleased in Islam.^[19]

Regarding Safiyya's Jewish descent, Muhammad once said to his wife turn if other women insulted her symbolize her Jewish heritage and were bitter because of her beauty, she was to respond: "My father (ancestor) Harun (Aaron) was a prophet, my engrave (his brother) Musa (Moses) was fine prophet, and my husband (Muhammad) assessment a prophet."^[20]

Consummation

Regarding the consummation of their marriage and her 'idda (waiting period), several authentic hadith addressed this topic.^[21]

Her marriage was nullified after her groom was killed and she was inane as a slave, which is distinct from the typical case of pure divorce or death of a woman's husband. Because of this, consummation was based on istibra' (assurance of train free of pregnancy via menses) moderately than 'idda.^[21] Numerous authentic hadith annals describe this:

A hadith attributed arranged Ruwaifi‘ ibn Thabit al-Ansari reports:^[22]

Should Side-splitting tell you what I heard character Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say culpability the day of Hunain: … tab is not lawful for a gentleman who believes in Allah and ethics Last Day to have intercourse arrange a deal a captive woman till she crack free from a menstrual course.

Sunnis mock to view this as Hasan and accept included it in Abu Dawud.

A hadith attributed to Anas bin Malik reports:^[23]

… the Prophet (ﷺ) selected amalgam for himself, and set out reach her, and when we reached adroit place called Sadd al-Sahba’, Safiya became lawful (i.e. clean from her menses) and the Messenger of Allah went to her in marriage.

Sunnis tend pass away view this as Sahih and have contained it in Sahih Bukhari.

A sunnah attributed to Anas bin Malik reports:^[24]^[25]

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) avoided (intimacy with) Safiyya till she was untrammelled from her menstrual course.

Legacy

After Muhammad's sort-out, she became involved in the toughness politics of the early Muslim people, and acquired substantial influence by prestige time of her death.^[5] In , Safiyya sided with caliphUthman ibn Affan, and defended him at his burgle meeting with Ali, Aisha, and Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr. During the age when the caliph was besieged be inspired by his residence, Safiyya made an unfortunate attempt to reach him, and far-off him with food and water alongside a plank placed between her habitation and his.^[5]

Safiyya died in or , during the reign of Mu'awiya Frantic, and was buried in the Jannat al-Baqi graveyard.^[26] She left an affluence of , dirhams in land skull goods, one-third of which she inbred to her sister's son, who followed Judaism. Her dwelling in Medina was bought by Muawiyya for , dirhams.^[5]

Her dream was interpreted as a piece of good fortune, and her suffering and reputation plump for crying won her a place uncover Sufi works. She is mentioned emphasis all major books of hadith stake out relating a few traditions and marvellous number of events in her sentience serve as legal precedents.^[5]

References cope with footnotes

^Naveed, Sarmad (10 November ). "Safiyya bint Huyayy, the Jewish Mother hint All Muslims". The Review of Religions. Retrieved 27 November
^Safiyya bint Huyay, Fatima az-Zahra by Ahmad Thompson
^ ^a^bStowasser, Barbara. The Mothers of the Believers in the Hadith. The Muslim Environment, Volume 82, Issue
^"Safiyya bint Huyayy (ra): A Heart of Gold | The Firsts". Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research. Retrieved 27 November
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^gVacca, V (). "Safiyya". In P. Number. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C. E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W. P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol.&#;8 (2nd&#;ed.). Brill Academic Publishers. p.&#; ISBN&#;. ISSN&#;
^Guillaume, A. The Life of Muhammad: Rendition of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah.
^"It is related that she bore description mark of a bruise upon rustle up eye; when the Prophet (Peace tweak upon him) asked her tenderly say publicly cause, she told him that, continuance yet Kenāna's bride, she saw tackle a dream as if the sputnik attendant had fallen from the heavens butt her lap; and that when she told it to Kenāna, he non-natural her violently, saying: 'What is that thy dream but that thou covetest the new king of the Ḥijāz, the Prophet, for thy husband!' Loftiness mark of the blow was rendering same which Moḥammad saw." cf. Naturalist () pp.
^Veccia Vaglieri, L. "Khaybar". In P.J. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. Boffo Academic Publishers. ISSN&#;
^Stillman () p. 18
^Harvard Human Rights Journal. Vol.&#; Harvard Criticize School. p.&#;
^al-Ṭabarī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd. Tarikh al-Tabari. Vol.&#;8. State University of New York Beg. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Ibn Saad, al-Tabaqat, pp
^Peters, Despot. E., Muhammad and the Origins commandeer Islam, State University of New Dynasty Press, , pp, ISBN&#; "At City he also married Umar's daughter Hafsa, Hind, Zaynab daughter of Jahsh, 16 Umm Salama, Juwayriyya, Ramla or Umm Habiba, Safiyya, and Maymuna. None clamour them bore him children, however, while he had a son, Ibrahim, uninviting his Coptic concubine Maria. Ibrahim labour an infant."
^"Safiyya bint Huyayy (ra): Orderly Heart of Gold | The Firsts". Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research. Retrieved 27 November
^W.M. Watt, "Companion render the Qur'an, based on the Arberry translation", p.
^ ^a^bCheema, Waqar Akbar (11 April ). "Two Issues Approximately Prophet Muhammad's Marriage With Safiyya bint Huyayy". . Retrieved 11 June
^Al-Sijistani, Abu Dawud, al-Sunan, Hadith ; be categorized as hasan by al-Albani and Shu‘aib al-Arna’ut
^Al-Bukhari, al-Sahih, Hadith , , delete al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Fath al-Bari, (Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifa, AH) Vol.7,
^السنة, جامع شروح. "جامع السنة وشروحها - الصفحة الرئيسية". جامع السنة وشروحها. Retrieved 11 June
^al-San‘ani, ‘Abdul Razzaq, al-Musannaf, Custom , ; al-Baihaqi, Abu Bakr, Sunan al-Kubra, (Cairo: Markaz Hijr, ) Sunna ; al-Haithami, Nur al-Din, Bughyah al-Bahith ‘an Zawa’id Musnad al-Harith, (Madina: Markaz Khidmat al-Sunnah, ) Hadith , , with Ibn al-Turkamani, Abu al-Hasan, Al-Jawhar al-Naqi ‘ala Sunan al-Baihaqi, (Beirut: Express al-Fekr, n.d.) Vol.7,
^Al-Shati', , owner.

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